Infant mortality rate by prenatal care timing and maternal race U.S. 2021

From 2019 to 2021, overall infant mortality rates in the U.S. were highest among infants of women who received late or no prenatal care and lowest among infants of women who received it in the first trimester. This statistic depicts the infant mortality rate in the United States from 2019 to 2021, by initiation of prenatal care and maternal race/ethnicity.

Infant mortality rate in the United States from 2019 to 2021, by initiation of prenatal care and maternal race/ethnicity (deaths per 1,000 births)

Characteristic	1st trimester	3rd trimester or none
American Indian and Alaska Native	6.05	11.89
Asian	2.98	6.06
Black	9.33	16.02
White	3.6	10.53
Hispanic	4.3	7.44

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Release date

March 2024

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Region

North America, United States

Survey time period

From 2019 to 2021

Supplementary notes

The timing of prenatal care is determined by the month it began, based on the date of the first prenatal visit, date of birth, and gestational age.

Race groups are non-Hispanic, single race. People of Hispanic origin may be of any race. The total percent does not add to 100 due to groups not included in the analysis.

Data are based on all infant death certificates that could be linked with the corresponding birth certificate, with 20,814 infant deaths in 2019, 19,578 infant deaths in 2020, and 19,928 infant deaths in 2021.

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